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21 Setembro 2023 - #DAA

Types of Data

-Numerical - Discrete Data ({1,2,3,...}) - Continuous Data ([1, +$\infty$])

  • Categorical (binary, languages, ...)
  • Ordinal (ratings of 1 to 5)

*not-scaled **scaled

[!example]- Qual o tipo de dado que representa a quantidade de gasóleo? Numérico: continuous data

[!example]- Qual o tipo de dado que representa a nacionalidade? Categórico

[!example]- Qual o tipo de dado que representa a idade? Numérico: discreto

Mean, Median & Mode

[!hint]+ A mean in math is the average of a data set, found by adding all numbers together and then dividing the sum of the numbers by the number of numbers.

Standard Deviation & Variance

Probability Density functions

Percentiles

There are 3 important percentiles:

  • 50% - median
  • 25% - 1st percentile
  • 75% - 3rd percentile

[!note]+ These 3 percentiles allow the creation of box plot graphs. These specific graphs allow the discovery and presentation of outliers.

Covariance & Correlation

[!hint]+ Covariance measures the direction of a relationship between two variables, while correlation measures the strength of that relationship.

Covariance is hard to interpret, thus correlation is used instead. In a dataset, correlations >0.5 are considerable.

[!caution] Correlation does not mean causation!

Practical session of the class: miniconda

IDEs: PyCharm, VS Code, (Jupyter - not recommended)

Depois de instalar o miniconda, correr os seguintes comandos:

  • conda create --name daaEnv python=3.10
  • conda activate daaEnv
  • python --version
  • conda install pandas
  • conda install xlrd
  • conda install xlwt
  • conda install matplotlib
  • conda install seaborn
  • conda install scikit-learn
  • conda install jupyterlab
  • conda list

Resource links