HaskCalc/cp2223t/List.hs
2022-11-19 11:35:14 +00:00

216 lines
6.3 KiB
Haskell

-- (c) MP-I (1998/9-2006/7) and CP (2005/6-2022/23)
module List where
import Cp
import Data.List
import Nat hiding (fac)
-- (1) Datatype definition -----------------------------------------------------
--- Haskell lists are already defined, so the following is a dummy, informal declaration:
--- data [a] = [] | (a : [a])
inList = either nil cons
outList [] = i1 ()
outList (a:x) = i2(a,x)
baseList g f = id -|- g >< f
-- (2) Ana + cata + hylo -------------------------------------------------------
recList f = id -|- id >< f -- this is F f for this data type
cataList g = g . recList (cataList g) . outList
anaList g = inList . recList (anaList g) . g
hyloList f g = cataList f . anaList g
-- (3) Map ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- NB: already in the Haskell Prelude
-- (4) Examples ----------------------------------------------------------------
-- (4.1) number representation (base b) evaluator ------------------------------
eval b = cataList (either zero (add.(id><(b*))))
-- eval b [] = 0
-- eval b (x:xs) = x + b * (eval b xs)
-- (4.2) inversion -------------------------------------------------------------
reverse' = cataList (either nil snoc) where snoc(a,l) = l ++ [a]
-- alternatively: snoc = conc . swap . (singl >< id)
-- where singl a = [a]
-- conc = uncurry (++)
-- (4.3) Look-up function ------------------------------------------------------
lookup :: Eq a => a -> [(a,b)] -> Maybe b
lookup k = cataList (either nothing aux)
where nothing = const Nothing
aux((a,b),r)
| a == k = Just b
| otherwise = r
-- (4.4) Insertion sort --------------------------------------------------------
iSort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
iSort = cataList (either nil insert)
where insert(x,[]) = [x]
insert(x,a:l) | x < a = [x,a]++l
| otherwise = a:(insert(x,l))
-- also iSort = hyloList (either (const []) insert) outList
-- (4.5) take (cf GHC.List.take) -----------------------------------------------
utake = anaList aux
where aux(0,_) = i1()
aux(_,[]) = i1()
aux(n,x:xs) = i2(x,(n-1,xs))
-- pointwise version:
-- take 0 _ = []
-- take _ [] = []
-- take (n+1) (x:xs) = x : take n xs
-- (4.6) Factorial--------------------------------------------------------------
fac :: Integer -> Integer
fac = hyloList (either (const 1) mul) natg
natg = (id -|- (split succ id)) . outNat
-- (4.6.1) Factorial (alternative) ---------------------------------------------
fac' = hyloList (either (const 1) (mul . (succ >< id)))
((id -|- (split id id)) . outNat)
{-- cf:
fac' = hyloList (either (const 1) g) natg'
where g(n,m) = (n+1) * m
natg' 0 = i1 ()
natg' (n+1) = i2 (n,n)
--}
-- (4.7) Square function -------------------------------------------------------
sq = hyloList summing oddd
summing = either (const 0) add
evens = anaList evend
odds = anaList oddd
evend = (id -|- (split (2*) id)) . outNat
oddd = (id -|- (split odd id)) . outNat
where odd n = 2*n+1
{-- pointwise:
sq 0 = 0
sq (n+1) = 2*n+1 + sq n
cf. Newton's binomial: (n+1)^2 = n^2 + 2n + 1
--}
-- (4.7.1) Square function reusing anaList of factorial ----------------------------
sq' = (cataList summing) . fmap (\n->2*n-1) . (anaList natg)
-- (4.8) Prefixes and suffixes -------------------------------------------------
prefixes :: Eq a => [a] -> [[a]]
prefixes = cataList (either (const [[]]) scan)
where scan(a,l) = [[]] ++ (map (a:) l)
suffixes = anaList g
where g = (id -|- (split cons p2)).outList
diff :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
diff x l = cataList (either nil (g l)) x
where g l (a,x) = if (a `elem` l) then x else (a:x)
-- (4.9) Grouping --------------------------------------------------------------
chunksOf :: Int -> [a] -> [[a]]
chunksOf n = anaList (g n) where
g n [] = i1()
g n x = i2(take n x,drop n x)
nest = chunksOf
-- (4.10) Relationship with foldr, foldl ----------------------------------------
myfoldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
myfoldr f u = cataList (either (const u) (uncurry f))
myfoldl :: (a -> b -> a) -> a -> [b] -> a
myfoldl f u = cataList' (either (const u) (uncurry f . swap))
where cataList' g = g . recList (cataList' g) . outList'
outList' [] = i1()
outList' x =i2(last x, blast x)
blast = tail . reverse
-- (4.11) No repeats ------------------------------------------------------------
nr :: Eq a => [a] -> Bool
nr = p2 . aux where
aux = cataList (either f (split g h))
f _ = ([],True)
g(a,(t,b)) = a:t
h(a,(t,b)) = not(a `elem` t) && b
-- (4.12) Advanced --------------------------------------------------------------
-- (++) as a list catamorphism ------------------------------------------------
ccat :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
ccat = cataList (either (const id) compose). map (:) where
-- compose(f,g) = f.g
compose = curry(ap.(id><ap).assocr)
-- monadic map
-- mmap f = cataList $ either (return.nil)(fmap cons.dstr.(f><id))
mmap f [] = return []
mmap f (h:t) = do { b <- f h ; x <- mmap f t ; return (b:x) }
-- distributive law
lam :: Strong m => [m a] -> m [a]
lam = cataList ( either (return.nil)(fmap cons.dstr) )
-- monadic catas
mcataList :: Strong ff => (Either () (b, c) -> ff c) -> [b] -> ff c
mcataList g = g .! (dl . recList (mcataList g) . outList)
dl :: Strong m => Either () (b, m a) -> m (Either () (b, a))
dl = either (return.i1)(fmap i2. lstr)
--lam' = mcataList (either (return.nil)(fmap cons.rstr))
-- streaming -------------------------------------------------------------------
stream f g c x = case f c of
Just (b, c') -> b : stream f g c' x
Nothing -> case x of
a:x' -> stream f g (g c a) x'
[] -> []
-- heterogeneous lists ---------------------------------------------------------
join :: ([a], [b]) -> [Either a b]
join (a, b) = map i1 a ++ map i2 b
sep = split s1 s2 where
s1 []=[]; s1(Left a:x) = a:s1 x; s1(Right b:x)=s1 x
s2 []=[]; s2(Left a:x) = s2 x; s2(Right b:x)=b:s2 x
---- end of List.hs ------------------------------------------------------------